Final results show 64.8% of voters endorsed a decision by the cantonal parliament from last year, based on a proposal by a member of the centrist Christian Democratic Party.
The amendment will bring Aargau in line with two other cantons.
Left-wing and some centrist parties unsuccessfully tried to overturn the parliamentary decision.
Under the law, citizenship requests can only be made by applicants who haven’t received social welfare for the past ten years. The current waiting period is three years – in line with regulations at a national level.
Potential candidates for a Swiss passport would also have to pass a test about basic facts of the country’s politics, society, history and geography.
The political left has denounced the legal amendment as discriminatory and disproportional. Political parties to the right argue stricter regulations are necessary to prevent an increase in welfare beneficiaries.
The citizenship procedure involves federal, cantonal and local authorities and leaves municipalities wide-ranging autonomy.
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How to get a Swiss citizenship
Swiss citizenship laws have undergone dramatic changes in the past 20 years.
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Swiss Energy Minister Albert Rösti says existing nuclear power plant sites in Switzerland could be used for new nuclear power plants.
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Swiss wheelchair racer Catherine Debrunner won the 5,000 metres to bring home Switzerland’s first gold medal at the Paralympics in Paris.
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Italian unfairly denied Swiss citizenship after 30-year residence
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The man was rejected for poor social integration and because his geographical and cultural knowledge was deemed insufficient. But the court said that too much emphasis had been placed on these criteria and that some of the questions he was asked were too specific. For example, he did not know that bears and wolves are…
Swiss court backs residency request of welfare recipient
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Ten things you need to know about Swiss citizenship
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How do you become Swiss? Who is entitled to naturalization? swissinfo.ch has collected questions from readers, and ten of them are answered here.
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Foreigners who gain Swiss citizenship generally increase their annual earnings by CHF5,000 compared to those who don't get naturalized.
Swiss revoke mother’s citizenship over suspected Islamic State links
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The Swiss authorities have revoked the citizenship of a French-Swiss women for her suspected links to the Islamic State militant group.
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If you want to start a conversation about a topic raised in this article or want to report factual errors, email us at english@swissinfo.ch.