After the French invasion of 1798, General Guillaume Brune, who had led the military action against Switzerland, was in charge of dividing the territory. However his plan, which split it into three republics, was quickly dropped.
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The fall of the old Swiss confederation after the French invasion of 1798 finally ended in a territorial transformation. From 1798-1803, Switzerland was a unified state. To weaken the parts of the Helvetic Republic that were hostile to France, some cantons were consolidated into larger units. For example, Uri, Schwyz, Unterwalden and Zug were merged and renamed canton Waldstätten. The experiment did not last long: In 1801, the cantons got their old borders back.
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The political geography of Switzerland, as determined during the 1815 Congress of Vienna, remained unchanged for more than 150 years.
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In 1978, Swiss voters supported the creation of canton Jura, which became the 26th canton the following year. In the past two centuries, it has been the biggest change in Switzerland’s political geography.
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At regular intervals, people question Switzerland’s cantonal and institutional set-up. In 2010, Pierre-Alain Rumley, former director of the federal department of spatial planning, published a book called The Switzerland of Tomorrow. He suggested reducing the number of cantons from 26 to 9.
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A Switzerland with seven regions – an illusion? In fact the Federal Statistical Office already uses these borders because the Swiss cantons are too small to draw comparisons at regional and international levels.
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